Struct
Struct (structure) is like a class in C# which combines the fields and methods into a single unit. The function of struct is exactly similar to class with some differences. We'll discuss each and every difference below.
| Class | Struct |
|---|---|
| class is a reference type | Struct is a value type |
| class can have default constructor | struct cannot have default constructor |
| Class can inherit from another class | struct cannot inherit from another struct or class |
| Abstraction is possible in class | Abstraction is not possible in struct |
| All the reference types are allocated on heap memory | All the value types are allocated on stack memory |
CODE
EG 1 . Creating a struct and a class. Creating 2 instance of both and assigning to each other.
class rectangleClass {
public double length, width;
public rectangleClass(double l,double w) {
length = l;
width = w;
}
public double Area() {
return length * width;
}
}
struct rectangleStruct {
public double length, width;
public rectangleStruct(double l, double w) {
length = l;
width = w;
}
public double Area() {
return length * width;
}
}
class Program {
static void main() {
//-------- STRUCT --------
rectangleStruct r1 = new rectangleStruct(10,12);
Console.WriteLine("R1 Length = "+r1.length);//OUTPUT : 10
Console.WriteLine("R1 Width = "+r1.width);//OUTPUT : 12
Console.WriteLine("R1 Area = "+r1.Area());//OUTPUT : 120
rectangleStruct r2 = r1;
Console.WriteLine("R1 Length = " + r1.length);///OUTPUT : 10
Console.WriteLine("R1 Width = " + r1.width);///OUTPUT : 15
Console.WriteLine("R1 Area = " + r1.Area());///OUTPUT : 150
Console.WriteLine("R2 Length = " + r2.length);///OUTPUT : 10
Console.WriteLine("R2 Width = " + r2.width);///OUTPUT : 15
Console.WriteLine("R2 Area = " + r2.Area());///OUTPUT : 150
r1.width = 20;
Console.WriteLine("R1 Length = " + r1.length);//OUTPUT : 10
Console.WriteLine("R1 Width = " + r1.width);//OUTPUT : 20
Console.WriteLine("R1 Area = " + r1.Area());//OUTPUT : 200
Console.WriteLine("R2 Length = " + r2.length);//OUTPUT : 10
Console.WriteLine("R2 Width = " + r2.width);//OUTPUT : 15
Console.WriteLine("R2 Area = " + r2.Area());//OUTPUT : 150
//-------- CLASS --------
rectangleClass r1 = new rectangleClass(10,12);
Console.WriteLine("R1 Length = "+r1.length);//OUTPUT : 10
Console.WriteLine("R1 Width = "+r1.width);//OUTPUT : 12
Console.WriteLine("R1 Area = "+r1.Area());//OUTPUT : 120
rectangleClass r2 = r1;
Console.WriteLine("R1 Length = " + r1.length);///OUTPUT : 10
Console.WriteLine("R1 Width = " + r1.width);///OUTPUT : 15
Console.WriteLine("R1 Area = " + r1.Area());///OUTPUT : 150
Console.WriteLine("R2 Length = " + r2.length);///OUTPUT : 10
Console.WriteLine("R2 Width = " + r2.width);///OUTPUT : 15
Console.WriteLine("R2 Area = " + r2.Area());///OUTPUT : 150
r1.width = 20;
Console.WriteLine("R1 Length = " + r1.length);//OUTPUT : 10
Console.WriteLine("R1 Width = " + r1.width);//OUTPUT : 20
Console.WriteLine("R1 Area = " + r1.Area());//OUTPUT : 200
Console.WriteLine("R2 Length = " + r2.length);//OUTPUT : 10
Console.WriteLine("R2 Width = " + r2.width); //OUTPUT : 20
Console.WriteLine("R2 Area = " + r2.Area());//OUTPUT : 200
}
}